Create bootable USB for Ubuntu from Windows using balenaEtcher

Linux Operating system is one of the best choice for Laptop and Personal Computers, Linux is Open Source, in most cases you need not to worry about licenses and heavy charges, which are needed to pay for paid operating systems, you can download Linux for Free, you can choose from various Linux downloads, if you want a free Linux Tutorial ( Linux Commands ) you can click here

Linux Tutorial

Ubuntu is one of best Linux operating system among various Linux distributions, Due to its immense popularity among masses, you are more likely to get support, although i do believe each Linux distribution is unique and special , you if want to know about popular Linux distros, you can click here,

Linux distributions

In this post i will explain how to Create bootable USB Ubuntu from Windows for free,

before we move ahead, i want to answer some commonly asked questions about Ubuntu and Linux :

Q: What is Linux is used for?
A: Linux is not a single operating system, but it is family of various Unix like operating systems, Linux is dominant in super computer and server market, it can be used as web server, mail server etc, it can also be used on personal computers, where is getting popular now a days.

Q: Is Ubuntu better than Windows?
A: Both Windows have and Linux ( Ubuntu ) have their own USP, Both are good in their own way, however Ubuntu is largely free and open source, which makes it affordable for everyone.

Q: Is Ubuntu 20.04 stable now?
A: Yes it is stable.

Q: Is Ubuntu 20.04 better?
A : Yes As per my opinion its better than previous Ubuntu versions like Ubuntu 16.04 or Ubuntu 18.04

Q: What is the best Linux operating system? Or What is the best Linux to run from USB?
A: Again as i said earlier, each Linux distribution is special and have a specific purpose, some like Ubuntu are more popular than others, it purely depends upon your requirements, for example Kali Linux is very popular in the area of Cyber Security

You can Read Our Cyber Security tips here :

Cyber Security tips

Q: Can Ubuntu be run from a USB stick? Or Can I run an operating system from a flash drive? Or Can you boot Linux from a flash drive?
A :Yes, its possible.

Q: How to use USB stick Ubuntu?
A: Please read our complete post.

Q: Can I try Ubuntu without installing?
A: Yes its possible and we recommend you to do it before completely switching to Linux / Ubuntu.

Q: What size USB do you need for Ubuntu? Or Is 8GB USB enough for Ubuntu?
A: We suggest that you should have minimum 8GB USB, though it possible to use a 4GB USB too.

So lets begin , first you need to download ubuntu iso image, As of now some of official links for downloading it are as below :

ubuntu for desktop

ubuntu alternative-downloads

for desktops Latest Version is Ubuntu 22.04, you can download past releases as well as from alternate download links, i have chosen Ubuntu 20.04 for this tutorial, if you want you can download, try and also optionally install Ubuntu 22.04 LTS as well, before you proceed you need to make sure that USB boot is priority over Hard disk and other kind of boot in your laptop or PC BIOS options

One you download iso image, you will also need to download Some software which will write image file ( iso file ) to storage media ( USB or flash drive ), in this tutorial, i will use free and open-source "balenaEtcher" , its a exe file no installation required, there are several other alternatives for it such as "Rufus" and "Ventoy". you can download balenaEtcher from following link :

Alright since we have now both Ubuntu 20.04 iso image and utility to create Live USB system, we need to follow next two steps :

1. Select Ubuntu 20.04 ( or Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, which ever ubuntu version you have downloaded ) image ( iso ) file in balenaEtcher`s dialogue box .

2. After this you need to specify storage name, where you will be creating Live USB system ( your USB flash drive name ) in balenaEtcher`s dialogue box.

you are now ready to create (flash) Live USB system, normally it will take few minutes, once it is completed there is also a optional validation option, i would recommend, go for it,

your bootable USB for Ubuntu is now ready,
all you need to restart you laptop or PC while keeping USB flash drive plugged-in
You will get following screen while you will reboot your laptop or PC,
you need to press enter ( Choose default option ), if it does not proceed automatically in few seconds.

Once you have booted from flash drive, you will get two options on screen, one of them is "Try Ubuntu" and Other one "Install Ubuntu" , Since we want to use USB flash drive to play with Ubuntu first, please select Try Ubuntu, it will take you inside Ubuntu OS.

Congratulation you have completed all steps, you are now ready to use Ubuntu form live USB flash drive, you even get a shortcut on screen to install Ubuntu 20.04 directly to your laptop, We suggest you to try Ubuntu for USB stick for sometime and get used to it before installing, Thanks for Reading.

Disclaimer : this content is written as general information, and does not claim to be complete or accurate, readers should consult their respective Personal Computer/Server/laptop/Flash Drive/Operating system vendors; before performing any of these steps, we are not responsible for any damage caused; due to above information.

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Top 10 java books for beginners (2022)

Java is one of the widely used programming language, though it first appeared in 1995, it has evolved continuously, its a dominant language in field of client–server web applications as well as mobile application development (Android). Many people ask that “Is Java a good career choice ? ” the answer is, yes, being a Java developer is a very good career choice, you can get high paying jobs if you are proficient in Java , Here are some more information about Java :

Question : Who invented Java?
Answer : James Gosling.

Question : Is Java and JavaScript same?
Answer : Both are two different languages.

Question : Which book is best for learning Java? Answer :
While there are tons of resources for learning java both online and offline , it becomes difficult for beginners to decide, Which book is best for learning Java? I will try to list some of the best java books for beginners in 2022 -

1. Java: A Beginner's Guide by Herbert Schildt : This book is one of my personal favourite and defiantly one of the Top 10 Java Books. This book has right content for beginners, Book Neither too long nor to short everything is perfectly balanced.

2. Effective Java by Bloch Joshua : Effective Java by Bloch Joshua is worth reading if you are trying to get understanding of Java. It is precise, crisp and to the point. You can build a strong foundation of java and overall development knowledge for yourself with the help of this book, this is one of the best book for java developers, even experienced java professionals find it very useful.

3. Java The Complete Reference by Herbert Schildt : Another Gem by Author Herbert Schildt, which finds place in our list of top 10 java books for beginners. This book covers a lot of , hence its quite big. It can be sometimes overwhelming for beginners , use it as reference book.

4. Head First Java by Kathy Sierra , Bert Bates, Trisha Gee : Reading Head first book is always a fun, this books covers all basic concepts and keep you engaged, this book also provides good amount of practical examples.

5. Programming with Java by E. Balagurusamy : E. Balagurusamy is one of my favourite author, He has explained java concepts in very simple language, you get good understanding of theory and also get good practical examples, print quality is also good, though some people may not like colour scheme of fonts. This book focuses more on basic concepts and not meant for advanced user.

6. Effective Java by Bloch Joshua : Effective Java by Bloch Joshua is worth reading if you are trying to get understanding of Java. It is precise, crisp and to the point. You can build a strong foundation of java and overall development knowledge for yourself with the help of this book, this is one of the best book for java developers, even experienced java professionals find it very useful.

7. Java - An Introduction to Problem Solving and Programming Walter Savitch : A very good book , popular among college students, easy to understand. You will find a lot of projects to do in this book.

8. Let us Java by Yashavant Kanetkar : This book has same been written in same style as hugely popular “Let us C”, this book is good if you have some programming ( any other language ) knowledge , this book is good for quick reading.

9. Core Java: an Integrated Approach by Rao R. Nageswara : This book is good for beginners to intermediate users.

10. Core Java: Made Simple by Som Prakash Rai : Good for beginners with comparatively less theory and more examples.

Here are Some honourable mentions :

1. Beginning Programming with Java For Dummies by Barry A. Burd : if you are from non programming background ,you can surely go for this book, book is written in very simple and easy language. While Some people might say that this book is for kids, i would say this book is useful for everyone who is just Beginning.

2. Core and Advanced Java, Black Book , Dreamtech Press India Pvt. Ltd : This book covers both core and advanced java, it also covers frameworks like Hibernate. It also explains topics like collection framework very nicely .

3. Data Structures and Algorithms Made Easy in Java by Karumanchi Narasimha : As name suggests ,This book focuses more on Algorithms. Its good if you have prior coding knowledge while reading this book.



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Mobile Screen not working , Don't Worry, try this solution

Android OS which is based on Linux kernel has become inseparable part of our life in form of smart phones, your smartphones contains your valuable data, be it your memorable moments, or important documents, since overwhelming numbers smartphones are now have only touch interface, this dependency comes with a cost, you are always at risk of losing this data if your screen suddenly stops responding due to fall or some other issue, your data is still there, but you cant access this data since the interface between you and this data "the screen" has become Unresponsive, however this seemingly complex issue comes with a simple solution, if your phone supports OTG (USB On-The-Go),

All you need to is one OTG to USB cable or OTG to USB connector and one mouse as shown in picture. OTG to USB connector are easily available online as well as in regular mobile accessories shops.

Just follow below steps : 1. First you need to connect this OTG connector to your mobile phone as shown in picture, remember to use OTG to USB connector which is compatible with your mobile, for example if your mobile have USB type-c port, you need to use type c OTG to USB connector.

2. Now connect mouse to other end of this OTG to USB cable or OTG to USB connector

3. After this you will see a pointer or cursor on your screen, as shown in picture, you are now ready to use mouse on your mobile phone , just like you can use it on your PC or laptop and operate your phone, even make phone calls, now you can access your data.

Disclaimer : this content is written as general information, and does not claim to be complete or accurate, readers should consult their respective mobile phone manufactures before connecting with any external device, we are not responsible for any damage caused to mobile phone due to above information.

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Download Free whatsapp status for engineers, Click here

Download Free:
#WhatsApp Status for it professionals
#WhatsApp Status for engineers
#WhatsApp Status for software engineers
Happy Engineers Day
#HappyEngineersDay
#Engineer'sDayquotes

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Five Simple Ways you can save the environment

1. Use a human powered bicycle – While using a car or motorcycle might look more stylish, riding human powered bicycle may help you in many ways, first you don't need to burn lot of fossil fuel which reduces emission of toxic and green house gases, Second you save some money which was meant to be used for fuel , third you save more money in form of your hospital bills by burning lot of unwanted calories.

2. Green roof or Roof garden – Start growing some plants on your unused roof, this may contribute to reduction of temperature and your electricity bills since you have to use Air conditioning less often, this will also add some scenic beauty to your house and may provide accommodation to some beautiful birds and butterflies.

3. Waste segregation – modern urban lifestyle produces unimaginable amount of waster each year, while its not possible to recycle entire waste, We can still make waste management process more efficient by adopting waste segregation, wet waste specially food waste can be turned to into high quality fertilizers. While dry waste like plastic (at least some part of it) can be recycled into some other useful objects, segregation makes it easier to recycle. You can also adopt golden rule of RRR (reduce, reuse, recycle ).

4. Rainwater harvesting – Do some investment towards rain water harvesting, you can use this water for your garden during dryer times and keep your surrounding evergreen , even when water becomes scarce resource.

5. Avoid pesticides and harmful chemical – All pesticide and chemicals which are being used by us ultimately end up in our environment, mostly in our water resources, so try to avoid them or at least minimise their use, you can also use organic and nature friendly alternatives wherever possible , for example “Neem oil” is natural pesticide.

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Know the programming language behind your favourite social media platforms

We all use different social media networks in our day to day life, lets discuss about the programing languages which give them their special powers :

1. Twitter : Microblogging Platfrom twitter which have 300+ million monthly active users since 2019 is written in Java,Ruby,Scala,JavaScript.

2. Facebook : Online social networking service Facebook which is belived to have 2.8 billion monthly active users as of 2020 is powered by C++ and Hack , dont be surprised by the name "Hack", its a dialect of php devloped by meta.

3. Youtube : Online video sharing platform which had 2.6 billion active users as on January 2021, is written in C, C++, Java,Python , Go and JavaScript.

4. Instagram : Photo and video sharing social networking service Instagram is mainly written in Python, As on June 2018 it had 1 billion monthly active users.

5. WhatsApp : Instant messaging (IM) and voice-over-IP (VoIP) service WhatsApp which had over 2 billion active users As of February 2020, is written in Erlang.

6. Telegram : Instant messaging (IM) service Telegram, which is belived to have 700 million monthly active users as on June 2022, is written in C++ , C , Java.


Source : Wikipedia



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Basic Unix Commands in 1 Hour

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Learn Unix/Linux Commands in detail

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Why We need more wildlife crossings

Why We need more wildlife crossings :

Picture credit : https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/

Human population is growing at a rapid pace, unfortunately humans need more and more place by each passing day. we have built megacities by deforestating large chunk of jungles, many species have become extinct and many more are endangered, humans also need to travel a lot , we have builts highways and major road which connects are cities. In this process we are destroying already shrinking habbitate of wildlife. We fragment once thriving jungles for our own short term benefit though in long term it is going cause more harm as compared to benefit.

We can't stop every human settlement from building roads and cities however there is something we can do about this fragmentation. While roads and railways are necessary for development, wildlife crossings are equally necessary for sustainable development.

Let's understand this with an example, imagine you are part of hypothetical endangered species residing in dense forest, now due to a newly built road your habitate is divided in two parts, some of the necessary resources like lake full of fresh water remain at one side,while most of plants which you like to eat remains on other side of highway. Now in order to just fulfil the basic needs like food and water you have to cross a dangerous road on daily basis, many members of your species are killed in this process, slowly your species is almost finished, sadly this does not stop here, there are few more predator species which relied on your species, since their prays are gone, they will go soon, entire wildlife numbers slowly start dwindling, since wildlife is gone, trees are plants which are indirectly dependant on wildlife will also will also start declining, as a result Soon we will be slightly closer to global warming and climate change.
wildlife crossings can be created in many ways such as : overpass, underpass, Viaducts, green roofs, Canopy Bridge . wildlife crossings can not only save animals but also many human lives which are lost in wildlife-vehicle collision.
While there are some efforts are ongoing in developed world, there is still very less awareness about this in developing world, we hope that more efforts will be made in this direction in coming future.

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